Project 2 -- Broadband Speeds -- Dick S, John S, Tom G, JoAnne J, Chris S, Jack G and Mike

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Notes for June 10th Call


Draft language

Minnesota citizens in 2015 are going to use broadband to access…

  • Government services
  • Education
  • Telemedicine
  • Business
  • Security
  • Interactive video
  • Machine-to-machine applications

…and we anticipate that minimum "onramp" broadband speeds of 10-20 mb (down) and 5-10 (up) mb or higher will be required. The "aspirational target" speed for all connections is somewhat higher -- 50 mb, given the possibility that advanced applications will drive greater bandwidth needs. This "goal" speed is based on the information we have today and will require adjustments as new information is available.

Different speeds are required for different applications. We find a chart from the California report is quite relevant.

California Speed/Application matrix (from the California broadband report)

500 kbps - 1 Mbps

  • Voice over IP
  • SMS
  • Basic Email
  • Web Browsing (simple sites)
  • Streaming Music (caching)
  • Low Quality Video (highly compressed)

1 Mbps - 5 Mbps

  • Web Browsing (complex sites)
  • Email (larger size attachments)
  • Remote Surveillance
  • IPTV-SD (1-3 channels)
  • File Sharing (small/medium)
  • Telecommuting (ordinary)
  • Digital broadcast video (1 channel)
  • Streaming Music

5 Mbps - 10 Mbps

  • Telecommuting (converged services)
  • File Sharing (large)
  • IPTV-SD (multiple channels)
  • Switched Digital Video
  • Video on Demand SD
  • Broadcast SD Video
  • Video Streaming (2-3 channels)
  • HD Video Downloading
  • Low Definition Telepresence
  • Gaming
  • Medical File Sharing (basic)
  • Remote Diagnosis (basic)
  • Remote Education
  • Building Control & Management

10 Mbps - 100 Mbps

  • Telemedicine
  • Educational Services
  • Broadcast Video SD and some HD
  • IPTV-HD
  • Gaming (complex)
  • Telecommuting (high quality video)
  • High Quality Telepresence
  • HD Surveillance
  • Smart/Intelligent Building Control

100 Mbps - 1 Gbps

  • HD Telemedicine
  • Multiple Educational Services
  • Broadcast Video full HD
  • Full IPTV Channel Support
  • Video on Demand HD
  • Gaming (immersion)
  • Remote Server Services for Telecommuting

1 Gbps - 10 Gbps

  • Research Applications
  • Telepresence using uncompressed high definition video streams
  • Live event digital cinema streaming
  • Telemedicine remote control of scientific/medical instruments
  • Interactive remote visualization and virtual reality
  • Movement of terabyte datasets
  • Remote supercomputing

[[California Application-Speed Matrix]

Can we arrive at a number? -- yes

Is it a residential number? -- yes

What is the repercussion of not reaching the goal?

  • None
  • Maybe this where the state enters
  • Risk - setting the bar too high blocks opportunities, too much investment

Responses from experts

1 - In your area of expertise (education, government, business, consumer-use, etc.) do you feel that the California speed tiers are still accurate for present-day applications?

  • Dennis Fazio -- TIES -- "Seems about right."
  • Garrison, for a local company "Speeds seem about right. The one thing that is not clear for file transfers, video conferencing, telework etc. is bi-directional speeds need to be the same."
  • OET "They probably overstate the needs for state government, especially at some of the higher bandwidths."
  • Mary Ellen Wells, and staff


    • 500k - 1mbs -- "This should be the minimum rate for per-instance low-quality telepresence."
    • 1 - 5mbs -- "We presently run at about 1.5mb for 2 EICU beds using analog. This would increase dramatically when moving to digital"
    • 5 - 10 mbs -- "5Mbps should be close to the starting point rate for per 2 bed EICU Digital transmission. Rates will increase as functionality is added and volumes increase."

2 - What would you project these speed-requirements will be in 2015, and what is the basis for your projection?

  • Dennis Fazio -- TIES -- "The speed requirements for individual applications won't change. What will change is the applications we will do and these applications will require the higher bandwidths. In 5 years we will be doing a lot more audio and video streaming in HD for entertainment which will require near 10Mb/s (IPTV-HD, 3D animations for online learning). Many households will have multiple computers or IP entertainment devices which will have to share the bandwidth."
  • Garrison, for a local company "I don’t think they change for these applications. The one thing that I see changing is the number of these occurring simultaneously within a home or small business."
  • OET " By 2015, the stated bandwidths are closer to what could be needed."

3 - Are there applications that are missing from this list, and if so what speeds would they require both today and in 2015?

  • Dennis Fazio -- TIES -- "They were pretty thorough. Unless you want to include streaming HD video from home by consumers. That will put an emphasis on the upstream bandwidth, but it may not be a prevalent application in the near future since folks can upload video files to web sites for distribution. I still maintain that any minimal broadband definition that is not beyond the reach of copper and coax (at least for 2015-2020 purposes) will only only lead to piecemeal incrementalism of current infrastructure and will really get us nowhere."
  • Garrison, for a local company "The only other one that I can think of that is not on there is Interactive Content. The ability to choose the camera angle of the event you are watching or the ability to actively participate in what is going on. Probably not more than 5 Mbps required to really make this be successful."
  • OET "Enterprise applications such as Storage Area Networks (SANs) and other "back-office" infrastructure are not included in the matrix, but are often the driver for large bandwidth needs among government and educational sites."

4. - Other responses

Vijay Sethi

I was not able to locate broadband speed tiers for the government services in the California speed matrix that was attached to your memo. I did, however, ask my MIS Director Tim Dent to briefly describe the bandwidth currently in place for the local governments in Clay County and the bandwidth projections for 2015. Tim’s memo appears below in italics. Based on the information shared by Tim, I support Jack Ries/Gopal’s projections of broadband speeds for year 2015, in their earlier submission, for government applications at One Gigabit network connection to the state, for each small and medium sized county seat. Some aspects of the county governments that are likely to drive this demand include:

  • Inter departmental and inter agency coordination, among local state and federal agencies in the delivery of Public Safety, Health and Human Services and other general government services.
  • Remote access to e-government services.
  • Consolidation of government services into regional service centers while continuing to deliver coordinated services at individual county seats.
  • Seamless disaster emergency response coordination among various agencies at the local, state and federal levels.
  • Telecommuting opportunities with high quality video connections.
  • GIS and mapping data sharing among counties, cities, general and businesses.
  • Videoconferencing, webinars etc. to address conferencing, research, analysis and training needs.

Dick Sjoberg

How do you define Broadband in terms of speed both today and in 2015? I think it is important to look at the real world around us. In a perfect world, speed would be infinite and Internet access ubiquitous. But we don’t live in a perfect world, so what to do?

I think it is important to realize that when the Task Force looks at software applications, they are all in use today. It really becomes a matter of cost/benefit. If a doctor wants to read MRIs from his home and needs 100Mb/s, he may not be pleased that he has to pay several hundred dollars a month for the service. He would have to make a value judgment. But it would be a waste of very valuable resources to set a policy that all connections to the Internet are the maximum speed of the highest bandwidth application.

We need to separate the speed criteria set for a residential user versus a business, SOHO, or industrial user. To require an ISP to build ultra high capacity plant to the average residential user would make the entire project a non-starter. As we look around the State and the Nation today, there is a uniformity of available speeds. They are based on what applications are being used and the overall cost. As the average application demands more speed, it will become available. The industry has been investing billions of dollars of private capital in building up and building out their networks. I feel it is important to recognize this effort.

In my opinion, 1Mb/s is the appropriate minimum speed to define Broadband today. In the future (2015), 10-15 Mb/s would be an appropriate minimum speed to define Broadband. It is important to remember that we are talking about a minimum speed and not a maximum. We also need to remember that one of our agreed upon values is affordability. Defining too high a speed will inadvertently create an overly expensive infrastructure that will result in the end product being too high priced. The maximum speed will be self defined by the state of the art business and education applications. Similarly, when building roads, we don’t build Interstate highway in neighborhoods.


Pat Spaude (via Mary Ellen Wells)


eICU (Help from Avera) Module Kbps

Message Handler Patient Profile 80 Workstation to The Source 48 COR Smart Alert prompts Sentry 80 Video Assessment 2048 COR to ICU Video Conference 384

In Hutchinson's case, we have two eICU beds. We have on-site providers who effectively serve as intensivists .5 days per week. Thus I don't think we ever have completely used the capability of the systems full 2 way video assessment. I am unaware of ever having a network issue. I think the 2048 requirement for Video Assessment is really high.

I would use 1.5M per two eICU beds, assuming standard analog video is used. Digital changes the equation the bandwidth requirements go up significantly.

Telemedicine (no interfaces) Today 384K is typical bandwidth. With digital that will need to be bumped up. Sisu assumes 384K per teleconference point to point session. This is low definition, non-medical. I would consider 512K the minimum for low end telemedicine.

From Broadband Nation: "If you are just looking at a couple of talking heads with little side data, you can get away with a few hundred Kbps per connection. However, if you are looking at medical consultation during a surgical procedure in hi-def, then 20-30 Mbps or more per connection may be required."

Instrumentation - typically very minimal bandwidth, voice grade. The exception is anytime you are sending images or more intensive data. A lab result practically can fit in a text message (or 3) to cell phone, as an example.


Notes from May 19 teleconference



Applications Minnesota citizens in 2015 are going to use broadband to access…

  • Government services
  • Education
  • Telemedicine
  • Business (acknowledging these tiers, design for peak rather average usage)
    • In residential locations
      • tele-work,
      • home based business,
    • In commercial locations
      • small business,
      • large business
  • Personal communication
  • Interactive video, social networking
  • Security updates and machine-to-machine applications

HOMEWORK -- go out to committee members (and outside experts) for current-day (and future) applications and speed estimates, and basis for projections to 2015. Frame the task to be completed soon. Reach out to folks like the High TechAssn, IEEE, etc. Too hard? Near term, refresh California numbers. Longer term, estimates for 2015, maybe not by the next Task Force meeting. Mike frames the ask on the list, and then forward it to Rick.

HOMEWORK -- get California numbers into this wiki (done - Mikey)

RECOMMENDATION Assign/create a government entity to track progress and update these speed requirements. This is a list that must be a living document -- we want to be able to take into account the applications that we can't predict today (what would be a reasonable factor to handle this?). There isn't a government entity that's charged with keeping an eye on these trends -- we probably need to have that, in order to keep our state competitive.

California Speed/Application matrix (from the California broadband report)

500 kbps - 1 Mbps

  • Voice over IP
  • SMS
  • Basic Email
  • Web Browsing (simple sites)
  • Streaming Music (caching)
  • Low Quality Video (highly compressed)

1 Mbps - 5 Mbps

  • Web Browsing (complex sites)
  • Email (larger size attachments)
  • Remote Surveillance
  • IPTV-SD (1-3 channels)
  • File Sharing (small/medium)
  • Telecommuting (ordinary)
  • Digital broadcast video (1 channel)
  • Streaming Music

5 Mbps - 10 Mbps

  • Telecommuting (converged services)
  • File Sharing (large)
  • IPTV-SD (multiple channels)
  • Switched Digital Video
  • Video on Demand SD
  • Broadcast SD Video
  • Video Streaming (2-3 channels)
  • HD Video Downloading
  • Low Definition Telepresence
  • Gaming
  • Medical File Sharing (basic)
  • Remote Diagnosis (basic)
  • Remote Education
  • Building Control & Management

10 Mbps - 100 Mbps

  • Telemedicine
  • Educational Services
  • Broadcast Video SD and some HD
  • IPTV-HD
  • Gaming (complex)
  • Telecommuting (high quality video)
  • High Quality Telepresence
  • HD Surveillance
  • Smart/Intelligent Building Control

100 Mbps - 1 Gbps

  • HD Telemedicine
  • Multiple Educational Services
  • Broadcast Video full HD
  • Full IPTV Channel Support
  • Video on Demand HD
  • Gaming (immersion)
  • Remote Server Services for Telecommuting

1 Gbps - 10 Gbps

  • Research Applications
  • Telepresence using uncompressed high definition video streams
  • Live event digital cinema streaming
  • Telemedicine remote control of scientific/medical instruments
  • Interactive remote visualization and virtual reality
  • Movement of terabyte datasets
  • Remote supercomputing

California Application-Speed Matrix


Speed Proposals

Various Speed Proposals (Could be placed in matrix.

· Page 2, Comments A:1-3 –100 mbps – 1Gbps (high) to 10-100 Mbps low

· Page 19, Sjoberg, “Demand should drive investment”

· Pages 22-23, Gibbs, no speed proposed. Minnesota already has “higher than any other state studied.”

· Page 25, O’Connor, 50 mbps – “faster than anything currently available.”

· Page 26, Gervais, “Think ahead and beyond what is available today.”

· Page 27, Swanson, “Minnesota needs to be the leader.”

· Page 27, Werner, 3 Mbps, 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps to start as tiers

· Page 28, Sjoberg, unserved is 3 Mbps down and 768 kbps up

· Page 29, Sethi, “Quite a bit higher than the 756Kbps suggested by Connected Nation”

· Page 29, Joanne Johnson recommended the California speed tiers.

· Pages 29 & 30, King, various tiers, 100 MB Power User – 5-10 Lite, Casual User

· Page 30, Cawley, 100 Mbps by 2015 for all users


· Page 30, Garrison, “to position our state as a center of innovation and employment, Minnesota’s should adopt a goal of always being in the top three states nationwide and among the top five locations in the world in average available Internet speeds.”

· Page 30, Gibbs, “must be based on evidence of demand . . . ” · Page 31, Swanson, 1 Gbps, must “think beyond the present.”

· Page 33, Ries, 100 Mbps – 10 Gig for government connections of various kinds

· Page 37, O’Connor, scalable in “sudden, very high-demand situations”

· Page 40, Ross, minimum school connections of 10 Mbps per 1,000 students, internal and external network connections of at least 100 Mbps, and wide area network of 1 Gbps per 1,000 students

· Page 46, O’Connor, speeds must be defined as symmetrical. Others agreed.


Areas of Agreement -- notes from May 15 Task force meeting

1.Access – Ubiquity – the task force will recommend a minimum broadband speed that all Minnesotans can access from someone (“on ramp”)

  • What does the minimum on ramp speed need to be today (2009) and what does it need to be in 2015?
  • Some agreement around 1.5 for today

2.The task force will recommend a minimum broadband speed GOAL (or target) than enables Minnesotans to have access to the applications they need and want

3.Affordability – there is pricing available for Minnesotans who choose lower speeds than the on ramp minimum

4.Access – choice – Minnesotans will be able to access a speed higher than the minimum if they are willing to pay for it

5.If Minnesotans are in an area where the minimum on ramp speed is not available, the State can help make it happen through public policy

6.Create a table similar to the one that appears in the California report to provide context to legislators

7.The report will address what it would take to get everyone in MN at the minimum on ramp speed

8.The report will identify where there are gaps. What groups are unserved?

9.The report will make it clear what we get for the minimum speed

10.Minnesota citizens in 2015 are going to use broadband to access…

  • Government services
  • Education
  • Telemedicine
  • Business
  • Security
  • Interactive video
  • Machine-to-machine applications

…and we anticipate that a broadband speed of (fill in minimum goal/target) or higher (Goal speed is based on the information we have today and will require adjustments as new information is available)

11.Note that that the report should be considered a living document in terms of broadband uses and speeds

12.By figuring out what broadband speed is needed to enable the most demanding item on the list, it is a given that all other items on the list will be covered

(useful for exercise of setting minimum goal/target)

13.Networks need to be built with flexibility to grow

14.Need to consider symmetrical needs

15.Look at growth patterns in the recent past in order to be able to better predict the needs

16.Items to be covered that provide more details under 10 a) – 10 g):

  • Security – able to update and secure end user hardware; able to back up computers to a remote location
  • Able to utilize cloud computing
  • Able to conduct business from home and from place of work:
    • Home businesses
    • Telecommuting
  • Note that employment transcends many of the needs

Subgroup named to:

  • Confirm areas of Task Force agreement regarding broadband speeds
  • Create a first draft of the table that outlines speed ranges, what they enable, and who they serve. See #6 above.
  • Recommend a minimum on ramp speed for 2009 and for 2015 (that all Minnesotans can access)
  • Recommend a minimum goal/target speed to enable what Minnesotans will want to use the internet for in 2015

Members:

Mike O’Connor, Dick Sjoberg, John Stanoch, Tom Garrison, Chris Swanson, Jack Geller, JoAnne Johnson Mike O will convene the subgroup

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